What is Bertolotti’s Syndrome?
Bertolotti’s syndrome is a condition that causes lower back pain. It happens when the lowest bone in the spine, called the lumbar vertebra, connects in an unusual way to the bone below it, known as the sacrum. This connection is called a lumbosacral transitional vertebra. Because of this, people may feel pain or discomfort in their lower back. Although Bertolotti’s syndrome is not very common, it can affect both young and older adults. Many people with lower back pain do not know they have this condition until they see a doctor.
Symptoms of Bertolotti’s Syndrome
People with Bertolotti’s syndrome often notice pain in their lower back. Sometimes, the pain may spread to the hips or legs. However, not everyone with this condition has symptoms. For those who do, the pain can be mild or severe. In many cases, the pain gets worse with activity or sitting for long periods. Some common symptoms include:
Because these symptoms are similar to other causes of lower back pain, it is important to get a proper diagnosis.
Causes and Risk Factors
Bertolotti’s syndrome is caused by a change in the way the bones of the lower spine and sacrum connect. This change is usually present from birth. However, not everyone with this bone change will have pain. The main cause is a lumbosacral transitional vertebra, where the last lumbar vertebra forms a joint or fuses with the sacrum. This can lead to extra stress on the spine and nearby joints. Some risk factors include:
Still, many people with this bone change never develop symptoms.
How is Bertolotti’s Syndrome Diagnosed?
Doctors use several steps to diagnose Bertolotti’s syndrome. First, they ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, they perform a physical exam to check for pain, stiffness, or weakness. Often, imaging tests are needed. These may include:
Sometimes, doctors use special injections to find out if the pain comes from the abnormal bone connection. According to studies in orthopedic journals, early diagnosis helps guide the best treatment plan.
Treatment Options
Treatment for Bertolotti’s syndrome depends on your symptoms and how much they affect your life. Many people feel better with simple treatments. Doctors may suggest:
If these treatments do not help, surgery may be an option. Surgery can remove the abnormal bone connection or fuse the bones to stop pain. However, most people improve without surgery. Always talk to your doctor about the best treatment for you.
Lifestyle Tips and Prevention
While you cannot change the way your bones formed, you can take steps to protect your back. For example, regular exercise helps keep your back strong. Good posture also reduces strain. Here are some tips:
Although Bertolotti’s syndrome cannot always be prevented, these steps may lower your risk of back pain.
If you have lower back pain that does not improve, consult an orthopedic specialist for personalized advice on Bertolotti’s syndrome.
